<\/a>vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i \u0111en tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u01a1i l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh trang \u2013 kinh nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\nCh\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1. Ch\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3\u201d, l\u00e0 \u201cd\u00ednh\u201d<\/strong>. V\u1eady ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1\u201d, \u201cd\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nN\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n khi n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i con s\u1ed1<\/strong> v\u1edbi 2 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quay.<\/p>\n\n\n\nCh\u1ea1m ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00ean khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u00f4 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ea1m bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i (\u0111\u00edt). Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea3ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 theo \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 0<\/strong>: 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 1<\/strong>: 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 10<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 2<\/strong>: 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 3<\/strong>: 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 4<\/strong>: 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 5<\/strong>: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 6<\/strong>: 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 7<\/strong>: 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 8<\/strong>: 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u 9<\/strong>: 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 theo \u0111u\u00f4i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 0<\/strong>: 00, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 1<\/strong>: 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81, 91, 01<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 2<\/strong>: 02, 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 82, 92<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 3<\/strong>: 03, 13, 23, 33, 43, 53, 63, 73, 83, 93<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 4<\/strong>: 04, 14, 24, 34, 44, 54, 64, 74, 84, 94<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 5<\/strong>: 05, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 6<\/strong>: 06, 16, 26, 36, 46, 56, 66, 76, 86, 96<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 7<\/strong>: 07, 17, 27, 37, 47, 57, 67, 77, 87, 97<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 8<\/strong>: 08, 18, 28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98<\/strong>.<\/li>
- Ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i 9<\/strong>: 09, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79, 89, 99<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi n\u00f3i t\u1edbi ch\u1ea1m, ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ea1m \u0111u\u00f4i th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o. Thay v\u00ec li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i t\u00ean ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe s\u1ebd ng\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eeba b\u1edbt r\u01b0\u1eddm r\u00e0 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau s\u1ed1?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1m c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn th\u00ec b\u1ea1n n\u00ean nh\u1edb c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- 1 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 19 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 2 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 36 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 51 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 4 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 64 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 5 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 75 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 6 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 84 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 7 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 91 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 8 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 96 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 9 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 = 99 s\u1ed1.<\/li>
- 10 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng 100 s\u1ed1.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n soi c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1m b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n bao nhi\u00eau qu\u00e2n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 c\u0169ng ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1ch ghi v\u00e9 s\u1ed1, t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng th\u1eafng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1m chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u0103n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebft bao th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee7. V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00ec c\u00e1c cao th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ea1m<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nD\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00fd b\u00e1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nSoi c\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1m d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0103n th\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Trong l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i khi ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1. C\u00e1ch n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m b\u1ea3ng theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7u n\u00e0o ng\u1eaft nh\u1ecbp v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0103n ra sao.<\/p>\n\n\n\nTin t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ch\u00fang ta<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea1m chu\u1ea9n theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea trong 1 th\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa<\/strong>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecbp \u0103n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd chu\u1ea9n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n